Insights

Following the February announcement of the Omnibus package, the European Commission, Council, and Parliament have made several decisions indicating ways in which EU ESG laws are likely to be streamlined. This alert provides a high-level summary of the most significant proposed changes to existing and draft ESG legislation.

The Supreme Court declined to hear two key federal environmental enforcement cases, effectively leaving in place lower court rulings that allow for broad private citizen enforcement under the Clean Water Act and Clean Air Act. Because of the Court’s denials, citizen plaintiffs remain free to pursue enforcement cases in the absence of governmental enforcement, thus companies remain at risk of being sued by active watchdog citizen groups.

On January 8, 2025, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) published a final rule in the Federal Register adjusting upward the maximum monetary civil penalties for violating its regulations. This rule raised the minimum and maximum fines for 2025 by 1.02% from their 2024 levels. New penalty amounts go into effect immediately and apply to violations occurring after January 8, 2025.

On January 20, 2025, President Trump issued an Executive Order directing the withdrawal of all areas on the Outer Continental Shelf —an expansive area of submerged land under federal control— from eligibility for offshore wind leasing. This Executive Order was one of several energy-related executive orders reportedly intended to increase oil and gas production and curtail the deployment of clean energy resources signed by Trump shortly following his inauguration. The Order is premised on stated concerns for meeting “the country’s growing demand for reliable energy,” maintaining a “robust fishing industry for future generations” and providing “low cost energy to [U.S.] citizens.”

Democratic State Attorneys General took a series of actions to defend Biden Administration Rules on the environment, firearms, and immigration, in the final days before President Trump returned to the White House. While these State AGs argue that the rules at issue protect the public health and safety of their constituents and the nation, the incoming Administration has indicated that it may withdraw its support from some or all of these regulations. Notably, many of the Rules in question face legal challenges from Republican State Attorneys General. A look at the Democratic AGs’ actions is below.

President-elect Donald Trump has proposed to expedite federal approvals and permits for any investments worth more than $1 billion.[1] To date, details of Trump’s current proposed fast-tracking initiative have not been articulated. If put into action, however, infrastructure megaprojects will certainly be among the investments covered by any such initiative, with such fast-tracking potentially enhancing disputes risks before projects commence and throughout the lifecycle of the project.

On August 6, 2024, the Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”) took the rare action of announcing the emergency suspension of all registrations for pesticide products containing the active ingredient dimethyl tetrachloroterephthalate (“DCPA” or “Dacthal”) under the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (“FIFRA”). This is the first time in almost 40 years that EPA has issued an emergency suspension order.[1] EPA’s reasoning for the present action is that DCPA can cause adverse health effects in the fetuses of women exposed to DCPA.

On April 19, 2024, EPA signed the highly anticipated final rule designating two types of PFAS as hazardous substances under section 102(a) of the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (“CERCLA”).  At the same time, David M. Uhlmann, Assistant Administrator for Enforcement and Compliance Assurance of the EPA, released an enforcement policy memorandum that provides “direction to all EPA enforcement and compliance staff about how EPA will exercise its enforcement discretion under CERCLA in matters involving PFAS, just as EPA exercises enforcement discretion regarding other hazardous substances.”  This alert summarizes key points from the enforcement policy and flags various uncertainties that lie ahead. 

On December 29, 2022, the IRS released new guidance on whether vehicles qualify for tax credits under the clean vehicle provisions of the Inflation Reduction Act (the “IRA”). At the same time, Treasury released a much-anticipated White Paper describing the Administration’s planned approach to assessing whether vehicles meet the critical mineral content and battery processing requirements of the IRA.

On April 20, the Biden Administration published final changes to the rules governing how federal agencies consider the environmental impacts of their proposed actions, returning to previous standards that required consideration of indirect and cumulative effects of a proposed action. Although the rule changes may appear minimal, encompassing modifications to two specific regulatory subsections and updates to two definitions, the changes could be significant in how agencies consider impacts on environmental justice communities or effects of climate change from proposed federal actions, including federal agency authorizations and approvals for energy, transportation, and other infrastructure projects. 

An administrative law judge ("ALJ") at the Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission held that a production-operator's responsibility for reporting a temporary employee's injury to MSHA on Form 7000-1 pursuant to 30 CFR § 50.20 was not discharged even though the injured miner's employer (the temp agency) had itself already reported the injury. The case is Dickenson-Russell Coal, VA 2009-430, decided January 16, 2013.