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Software Application Insufficient to Substantially Transform Existing Hardware Components Into a Visitor Management System

Client Alert | 1 min read | 05.19.17

In a Final Determination published in the Federal Register today, Customs & Border Protection held that application software installed on existing computers and on an ID scanner manufactured in China did not substantially transform the individual elements (IS scanner, labels, printer and barcode scanner) of the Visitor Management System. The scanners and printers functioned as such when imported, and the software, while defining a specific use, did not change the basic function of the hardware. Although the FAR contemplates that an “end product” offered under a TAA-covered contract should have a single country of origin, the CBP found each element of the VMS retained its individual country of origin, two of which were from China, a non-designated country.

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Client Alert | 2 min read | 02.18.26

DHS Announces Virtual Town Halls on CIRCIA Final Rule

On February 13, 2026, the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) announced upcoming virtual town hall meetings scheduled for March 2026 regarding the implementation of the Cyber Incident Reporting for Critical Infrastructure Act of 2022 (CIRCIA).  The meetings will allow industry stakeholders to provide input to DHS to refine the “scope and burden” of the forthcoming CIRCIA final rule....