Software Application Insufficient to Substantially Transform Existing Hardware Components Into a Visitor Management System
Client Alert | 1 min read | 05.19.17
In a Final Determination published in the Federal Register today, Customs & Border Protection held that application software installed on existing computers and on an ID scanner manufactured in China did not substantially transform the individual elements (IS scanner, labels, printer and barcode scanner) of the Visitor Management System. The scanners and printers functioned as such when imported, and the software, while defining a specific use, did not change the basic function of the hardware. Although the FAR contemplates that an “end product” offered under a TAA-covered contract should have a single country of origin, the CBP found each element of the VMS retained its individual country of origin, two of which were from China, a non-designated country.
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Client Alert | 2 min read | 03.27.26
CMS Releases PY 2020 RADV Audit Methods and Instructions: Key Takeaways for Health Plans
On March 20, 2026, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) released new guidance outlining the agency’s audit methods and instructions for Medicare Advantage (MA) plans subject to upcoming risk adjustment data validation (RADV) audits for payment year (PY) 2020. In addition to providing necessary context for MA plans selected for auditing, this resource clarifies CMS’s methodological and procedural expectations. While the high-level takeaways are recapped below for convenience, we strongly recommend that MA organizations selected for PY 2020 audits closely review the guidance to understand what may be involved — or required — during the agency’s review.
Client Alert | 4 min read | 03.25.26
NAIC Intensifies AI Regulatory Focus: What Health Insurance Payors Need to Know
Client Alert | 11 min read | 03.25.26
White House National AI Policy Framework Calls for Preempting State Laws, Protecting Children
Client Alert | 3 min read | 03.24.26
California Considering A Massive Expansion of Its Antitrust Laws

