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Preload of Generic Software Precludes Finding of Substantial Transformation in U.S. When Replaced with Proprietary Software That Enhanced Functionality

Client Alert | less than 1 min read | 05.31.16

Customs and Border Protection has released its final determination concerning different versions of certain network transceivers and high speed cabling devices that require software to be functional. CBP concluded that “blank” network transceivers imported into the U.S. where proprietary software was first downloaded were substantially transformed in the U.S., whereas network transceivers already programmed with generic software when imported were not substantially transformed by subsequent replacement of the generic software with proprietary software that enhanced and broadened functionality allowing interoperability with different OEM systems.

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Client Alert | 11 min read | 12.15.25

New York LLC Transparency Act: Key Requirements and Deadlines

On January 1, 2026 (“Effective Date”), the New York LLC Transparency Act ("New York Act”) is scheduled to take effect, introducing new disclosure requirements for limited liability companies (“LLCs”) formed or registered to do business in New York State.  The New York Act is expected to impose the type of broad beneficial ownership requirements the federal CTA and rules implementing it was designed to require, before the federal government’s decision to limit the scope of the CTA’s beneficial ownership reporting requirements to foreign companies and foreign beneficial owners....