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Plain Meaning Of Statute Restricts Competition

Client Alert | less than 1 min read | 02.02.06

In Crane & Co. (Jan. 18, 2006, http://www.gao.gov/decisions/bidpro/297398.pdf), GAO held that the plain language of a 1916 statute limiting to four years contracts for “distinctive currency paper” precluded the Bureau of Engraving and Printing (“BEP”) from encouraging competition by issuing an RFP for four years of production following a two-year “mobilization” period to allow new entrants to make required investments and amortize that investment over the production term of the contract. Recognizing that BEP was attempting to respond to criticisms of the absence of competition, including GAO reports, GAO held it still had to enforce the plain meaning of the statute, anti-competitive as that interpretation was, and the only remedy was for Congress to amend the statute.

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Client Alert | 6 min read | 04.29.26

CMS Seeks to Expand Interoperability Requirements to Drug Pre-Authorization (FAQ)

On April 10, 2026, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) issued a proposed rule (2026 CMS Interoperability Standards and Prior Authorization for Drugs, or CMS-0062-P) outlining the agency’s plans to impose new interoperability requirements on payors participating in certain Medicare and Medicaid programs. As described by the agency in a recent press release, the proposed rule “builds on” prior rulemaking by clarifying and enhancing interoperability requirements for payors’ prior authorization processes, specifically those associated with coverage requests for pharmaceutical therapies....