Insights

On Friday, September 18, 2026, the U.S. Department of State issued two rules amending the International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR). The first, an interim final rule effective October 19, narrows U.S. Munitions List (USML) Category XX(a) controls on certain uncrewed underwater vehicles. The second, a final rule effective immediately, clarifies policy-of-denial provisions, updates country policies for Ethiopia and Somalia, and adds Saudi Arabia and Peru to the list of major non-NATO allies.

The U.S. Court of International Trade (“CIT”) has again rejected the U.S. Department of Commerce’s (“Commerce”) determination that chassis manufactured in Vietnam with Chinese-origin parts are covered by the antidumping (“AD”) and countervailing duty (“CVD”) orders on chassis from China. In Pitts Enterprises, Inc. dba Dorsey Intermodal v. United States, Slip Op. 26-121 (October 7, 2026), Judge Claire R. Kelly remanded Commerce’s redetermination for a second time. The court held that Commerce’s reading of the orders to cover “unfinished subassemblies” is contrary to their plain meaning, and that, in any event, the phrase “any other processing” in the orders does not include welding or fabrication.

On April 2, 2026, President Trump signed two presidential proclamations invoking Section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act of 1962 and Section 604 of the Trade Act of 1974 to impose significant new tariffs on imports of patented pharmaceuticals and pharmaceutical ingredients, and to restructure the existing tariff regime for aluminum, steel, and copper articles and their derivatives. The pharmaceutical proclamation targets patented drugs and active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), citing the Secretary of Commerce’s finding that approximately 53 percent of patented pharmaceutical products distributed domestically are produced outside the country, and only 15 percent of patented APIs by volume are domestically produced for the U.S. market. The metals proclamation amends three prior Section 232 actions — Proclamation 9704 of March 8, 2018 (aluminum), Proclamation 9705 of March 8, 2018 (steel), and Proclamation 10962 of July 30, 2025 (copper) — to restructure how tariffs are calculated and which derivative articles are covered.  The administration also issued two separate fact sheets for these actions.

Key Takeaways:

President Trump signed the Lindsey O. Graham Sanctioning Russia and Iran Act into law on September 18, 2026, following bipartisan passage in both chambers. Among its most commercially significant provisions is a sweeping new tariff framework targeting Russia and countries that continue to buy Russian energy.

Key Takeaway: U.S. Customs and Border Protection (“CBP”) is considering amending its regulations to require new disclosures designed to give the agency greater visibility into the supply chains of goods imported into the United States. The proposals target three areas: 1. enhanced identification of parties involved in importation; 2. integration of technical tracing solutions; and 3. collection of foreign export documentation.  Crowell is available to provide support to clients in preparing responses to CBP’s ANPRM, in advance of CBP’s deadline on December 1, 2026.

The U.S. Department of Commerce has initiated antidumping (“AD”) and countervailing duty (“CVD”) investigations of Linear Hydraulic Cylinders and Parts Thereof from Canada, China, India, Mexico, and South Korea, effective September 8, 2026. The AD investigations cover imports from all five countries, while the CVD investigations cover imports from China, India, and Mexico.

The U.S. Department of Commerce must decide by September 8, 2026 whether to initiate antidumping (“AD”) and countervailing duty (“CVD”) investigations of Linear Hydraulic Cylinders and Parts Thereof from Canada, China, India, Mexico, and South Korea.

Key Takeaway: Domestic reporting companies—meaning entities formed under the laws of any U.S. state or Tribal jurisdiction—have no beneficial ownership information reporting obligations to FinCEN under the final rule.

Key takeaway #1: On August 13, 2026, FinCEN issued a Financial Trend Analysis showing 67,540 Bank Secrecy Act (BSA) reports filed between 2023 and 2025 involved more than $4.9 billion in reported suspicious activity potentially related to human smuggling. 

The deadline to file OFAC’s Annual Report of Blocked Property (“ARBP”) is approaching fast.  All “U.S. persons” — including U.S. financial institutions, companies, and individuals — who hold property blocked pursuant to any OFAC sanctions program should take a moment to assess their reporting obligations, as set forth in 31 C.F.R. § 501.603.

Key Takeaways: The Bureau of Industry and Security (“BIS”) issued a temporary final rule under the Defense Priorities and Allocations System (“DPAS”) that restricts exports of shredded lithium-ion battery scrap containing cathode material, known as “black mass,” as well as tungsten and other waste by U.S. entities. Published on August 6, 2026, and effective immediately upon publication, the rule’s Directive Allocation Order takes effect on August 27, 2026, at which point all monthly sales of these materials must be allocated exclusively to U.S. buyers. The Directive Allocation Order remains in effect through August 27, 2027 (unless adjusted by BIS). Exports to non-U.S. persons require a separate DPAS authorization, which does not replace a BIS export license under the Export Administration Regulations (“EAR”), if required. BIS considered the directive necessary citing the threat to national defense and security posed by the “inadequate supply of critical minerals and materials” (“CMMs”).

Key Takeaways: The UAE’s reclassification to Country Group A:5 in the U.S. Export Administration Regulations (“EAR”) is one of the most significant expansions of U.S. export licensing flexibility extended to a Middle Eastern partner in recent years. Exporters should promptly assess whether existing licensed shipments or pending BIS applications can now be restructured under a license exception under the EAR. This easing of export controls on the UAE likely will benefit U.S. aerospace and defense, oil and gas, and advanced technology sectors, including AI-enabling semiconductors.

On July 15, 2026, U.S. Court of International Trade (CIT) Judge Richard K. Eaton issued an update in the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA) refund litigation explaining that the Court will begin issuing refund orders for individual plaintiffs in the IEEPA tariff refund litigation.