Wherefore Software In Analyzing Substantial Transformation
Client Alert | 1 min read | 08.10.10
On August 6, 2010, Customs & Border Protection (CBP) published a final determination (75 Fed. Reg. 47609) that Avaya’s Unified Communication Solution was substantially transformed in the United States based upon the totality of the circumstances including installation of the Communication Manager software and the extensive effort at the installation site to integrate the largely foreign hardware components into a working system. CBP rejected Avaya’s assertion that the installation location of software that provides the functionality of a system or hardware could be the sole determinant of substantial transformation under CBP’s prior precedent, as the origin of the software has also been an important factor, and noted here that most of the software development had occurred at Avaya’s Colorado facility, although some ongoing software development now occurs abroad.
Contacts
Insights
Client Alert | 5 min read | 08.26.26
D.C. Circuit Upholds Designation of PFOA and PFOS as CERCLA Hazardous Substances
In a significant and unanimous ruling, the D.C. Circuit upheld the Environmental Protection Agency’s (“EPA”) final rule designating perfluorooctanoic acid (“PFOA”) and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (“PFOS”) as “hazardous substances” under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (“CERCLA”), denying the petitions of seven industry groups seeking to overturn that designation.[1] CERCLA, also known as the “Superfund Statute,” allows EPA to require potentially responsible parties to fund cleanup of hazardous substances.
Client Alert | 5 min read | 08.26.26
Client Alert | 6 min read | 08.26.26
The Risky Fifth: A Long Hot Summer in Congressional Jurisprudence
Client Alert | 4 min read | 08.25.26
DOJ Signals Increased Antitrust Scrutiny of Algorithmic Pricing in Willow Bridge Decision
