Substantial Penalties Under the FCA Without Real Damages Violates Eighth Amendment
Client Alert | 1 min read | 02.23.12
Using reasoning that could prove useful to other FCA defendants, the court in U.S. ex rel. Bunk v. Birkart Globistics GmbH & Co. (E.D. Va. Feb. 14, 2012), after the jury found over 9,000 false claims based on invoices submitted, refused to award statutory penalties of between $50.2 and $100.4 million. The court held that, when the qui tam relator failed to show that the government suffered any damage, imposing penalties of this magnitude would have violated the Eighth Amendment’s Excessive Fines Clause and, because it lacked discretion under the FCA to fashion a civil penalty that would be within Constitutional limits, no penalties could be imposed.
Insights
Client Alert | 2 min read | 02.03.26
CMS Doubles Down on RADV Audit Changes
On January 27, 2026, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) released a Health Plan Management System (HPMS) memo that provided a long-awaited update on how the agency plans to approach previously announced Risk Adjustment Data Validation (RADV) audits for Payment Years (PY) 2020-2024. The memo is the agency’s most comprehensive statement on the subject since September 25, 2025, when the Northern District of Texas vacated the 2023 RADV Final Rule. The memo makes clear that, while CMS has made certain operational adjustments in response to concerns expressed by Medicare Advantage Organizations (MAOs), the agency is largely pressing forward with the accelerated audit strategy announced in May 2025.
Client Alert | 2 min read | 02.03.26
Sedona Model Jury Instructions for DTSA: A Step Forward—But Questions Remain
Client Alert | 7 min read | 01.30.26
CMS Proposes CY 2027 Growth Rate and Changes to Risk Adjustment for Medicare Parts C and D
Client Alert | 4 min read | 01.30.26
Optimum’s Shot Across the Bow: An Antitrust Challenge to Cooperation Agreements
