Preload of Generic Software Precludes Finding of Substantial Transformation in U.S. When Replaced with Proprietary Software That Enhanced Functionality
Client Alert | less than 1 min read | 05.31.16
Customs and Border Protection has released its final determination concerning different versions of certain network transceivers and high speed cabling devices that require software to be functional. CBP concluded that “blank” network transceivers imported into the U.S. where proprietary software was first downloaded were substantially transformed in the U.S., whereas network transceivers already programmed with generic software when imported were not substantially transformed by subsequent replacement of the generic software with proprietary software that enhanced and broadened functionality allowing interoperability with different OEM systems.
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Client Alert | 5 min read | 09.03.26
The U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) published a final rule amending 14 CFR Part 234 that fundamentally changes how airlines report the causes of flight delays and cancellations. Effective October 19, 2026, the rule implements Section 511(b) of the FAA Reauthorization Act of 2024 by creating a new reporting category, the “Section 511(b) category,” for ten specific events that Congress determined are not attributable to airline control. The rule simultaneously narrows the existing "Air Carrier" reporting category by expressly excluding those same ten events.
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