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Inexact IDIQ Exercise = Constructive Change

Client Alert | less than 1 min read | 06.04.09

In General Dynamics C4 Sys., Inc. (May 8, 2009), the Armed Services Board of Contract Appeals converted timely delivery order exercises by the Navy into constructive changes because they were sent by e-mail, when the contract specified that electronic delivery was only authorized if specified in the schedule and it was not. Analogizing to option exercises, the board instructed that an IDIQ order must be issued fully in accord with the contract or it is ineffective.

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Client Alert | 4 min read | 04.01.26

Supreme Court Rejects “Mere Knowledge” Standard for Contributory Copyright Infringement in Cox v. Sony, Reverses $1 Billion Judgment Against Cox

On March 25, 2026, in Cox Communications, Inc. v. Sony Music Entertainment, the U.S. Supreme Court reversed a $1 billion verdict against Cox. The judgment was the result of a jury trial in which Sony claimed that Cox was liable for contributory copyright infringement because it knew that its customers were using its service to infringe yet did not respond with sufficient diligence to prevent that infringement....