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Draft Investment Accounts Instructions Issued by Saudi Arabian Capital Market Authority for Public Consultation

Client Alert | 1 min read | 01.15.16

As part of the efforts of the Saudi Arabian Capital Market Authority (the CMA) to develop the Saudi Arabian capital market and protect investors, and pursuant to the Capital Market Regulations as enacted by Royal Decree Number M/30 dated 2/6/1424 H / 1 August 2003, the Board of the CMA has published draft Investment Accounts Instructions (the Draft Instructions) on the CMA's website to allow concerned and interested parties to provide their comments and observations.

The Draft Instructions aim to regulate the opening and operation of investment accounts held by authorized persons licensed to undertake dealing, managing, or custody activities and to define the related investment account controls and supervisory rules.

The CMA will accept comments and observations on the Draft Instructions via email to Rules.Regulations@cma.org.sa no later than Monday 29/4/1437 H / 8 February 2016. The CMA notes that it will study and consider all comments and observations prior to issuing final Instructions.

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Client Alert | 2 min read | 11.14.25

Defining Claim Terms by Implication: Lexicography Lessons from Aortic Innovations LLC v. Edwards Lifesciences Corporation

Claim construction is a key stage of most patent litigations, where the court must decide the meaning of any disputed terms in the patent claims.  Generally, claim terms are given their plain and ordinary meaning except under two circumstances: (1) when the patentee acts as its own lexicographer and sets out a definition for the term; and (2) when the patentee disavows the full scope of the term either in the specification or during prosecution.  Thorner v. Sony Comput. Ent. Am. LLC, 669 F.3d 1362, 1365 (Fed. Cir. 2012).  The Federal Circuit’s recent decision in Aortic Innovations LLC v. Edwards Lifesciences Corp. highlights that patentees can act as their own lexicographers through consistent, interchangeable usage of terms across the specification, effectively defining terms by implication....