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Christian Doctrine Applied to Subcontract

Client Alert | 1 min read | 04.05.13

As discussed in more detail in a Crowell Alert issued today, the U.S. District Court for D.C. in UPMC Braddock v. Harris (Mar. 30, 2013) relied on the Christrian doctrine, a rule derived from case law that allows for the inclusion in a contract by operation of law of omitted government contract clauses expressing a significant public procurement policy, to incorporate affirmative action clauses into a subcontract between certain hospitals and a managed care organization with a Federal Employees Health Benefits Program prime contract. This is the first instance of which we are aware that a court has used the Christian doctrine to incorporate federal procurement obligations into a subcontract.


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Client Alert | 4 min read | 09.15.26

GAO Indicates Reasonable Conflict of Interest Investigation Must Include Inquiry of Involved Firm

The U.S. Government Accountability Office’s (GAO) recent decision in Viderity Inc.—Costs, B-424422.5, Sept. 1, 2026, offers useful insight into what constitutes a legally sufficient conflict of interest investigation. The decision arose in an unusual procedural posture: Viderity initially protested, alleging that an agency evaluator had a personal conflict of interest. After the agency took corrective action, Viderity filed a cost entitlement claim requesting that GAO direct the agency to reimburse Viderity’s protest costs. In evaluating that claim, GAO assessed whether Viderity’s underlying protest ground was “clearly meritorious.”...