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Christian Doctrine Applied to Subcontract

Client Alert | 1 min read | 04.05.13

As discussed in more detail in a Crowell Alert issued today, the U.S. District Court for D.C. in UPMC Braddock v. Harris (Mar. 30, 2013) relied on the Christrian doctrine, a rule derived from case law that allows for the inclusion in a contract by operation of law of omitted government contract clauses expressing a significant public procurement policy, to incorporate affirmative action clauses into a subcontract between certain hospitals and a managed care organization with a Federal Employees Health Benefits Program prime contract. This is the first instance of which we are aware that a court has used the Christian doctrine to incorporate federal procurement obligations into a subcontract.


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Client Alert | 2 min read | 04.10.26

Federal Agencies Warn of Iranian-Affiliated Cyber Actors Exploiting Internet-Facing Operational Technology Devices

On April 7, 2026, six federal agencies (FBI, CISA, NSA, EPA, DOE, and U.S. Cyber Command – Cyber National Mission Force) published a joint advisory warning that Iranian-affiliated threat actors are targeting internet-facing OT devices, particularly PLCs.  In some cases, the threat actors have caused operational disruptions and financial losses at U.S. critical infrastructure organizations by manipulating software files that contain configuration settings as well as showing false data on hardware and software dashboards and displays....